That 'DOT Approved' (or to be technically correct, 'compliant') statement means some of the lines undergo a specific set of tests by the manufacturer. This is more than just a pressure test, there's bending/kinking, abrasion, corrosion, and several other tests involved IIRC. Plus the lines have to be labeled in a specific way. You also need DOT-compliant test fixtures that have to be calibrated every so often by an 'approved' testing lab. Between this and the cost of liabilty insurance, there's your price difference. Note that not every line is tested as some of these tests are 'test to fail' and destroy the line.
There's also the European 'TUV approved' which is unlike the DOT standard in that actual parts are tested by an independent lab (not a self-certification like the DOT standard). There is a cost for having items tested, although TUV lines can be found for less money.
Like Don says, unless you have an actual line failure I don't see having either compliant or non-compliant lines ever being an issue on a bike.
There's also the European 'TUV approved' which is unlike the DOT standard in that actual parts are tested by an independent lab (not a self-certification like the DOT standard). There is a cost for having items tested, although TUV lines can be found for less money.
Like Don says, unless you have an actual line failure I don't see having either compliant or non-compliant lines ever being an issue on a bike.
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